Multilateral institutions
Selected donor countries channel their HIV/AIDS assistance through multilaterals. This funding included contributions to the Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria for a total of US$1.36 billion in 2004, 60 per cent of which is the estimated share for AIDS. Contributions to international research (excluding development of microbicides or vaccines) in 2004 by the United States totalled US$328.2 million; Canada provided US$1.3 million; France provided €2511 million and the European Commission €44.5.
The commitments of DAC (Development Assistance Committee) 10 country-members amounted to US$2.7 billion, with the majority of the funds provided by the G7 countries and the European Commission.
The table below summarizes the data published in June 2004 by OECD on “Aid to HIV/AIDS control through multilateral organizations in 2000-2002” (millions of US$).
Also, according to the Resource Flows Project in 2002, five of the seven largest intermediate organizations receiving funds came from within the UN system: UNAIDS, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF and WHO. The other two organizations were the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM) and the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF).
It reveals that a few countries in particular repeatedly feature as the major contributors. These are Denmark, Japan, and the Netherlands.
UNFPA is the largest actor channelling DAC/OECD (Official Development Assistance) donor government funds for population and AIDS activities to developing countries and countries in transition.
The second largest recipient with US$130 million was GFATM. The remaining five institutions (IPPF, UNAIDS, UNDP, UNICEF and WHO) received US$162 million in total from DAC/OECD donor countries, out of which US$71 million went only to UNAIDS.
The table below provides a closer look at the DAC/OECD government contributions to the seven intermediate organizations that receive the largest funds for AIDS activities.
Between 1996 and 2002, OECD/DAC government funds for population and AIDS activities to intermediate organizations increased significantly. In 2002, the seven largest organizations as a group received 25 per cent more funds than in 1996. Furthermore, the emerging HIV/AIDS pandemic has meant that more resources are channelled to HIV/AIDS activities. This is clearly represented in the case of large funds to UNAIDS and GFATM. GFATM, established in 2002, received in its first year US$130 million from DAC/OECD governments. In the same year, UNAIDS funds almost doubled compared to 1996 (US$71 million).
In total, resources from all donors and financial channels, including the Global Fund and domestic public and out-of-pocket expenditures, amounted to US$6.1 billion for AIDS activities in 2004. However, these figures are preliminary and need to be revised on the basis of the donor country reports to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and cross-checked with donor countries’ accounts, as well as with national spending assessments in recipient countries.
The UNAIDS Global Resource Tracking Consortium projected the amount of resources that might be available in 2005, 2006 and 2007. These estimates are based on trends in past disbursements, adjusted for known pledges and commitments made up to 2007 by domestic, bilateral, multilateral and private sector sources, according to organization-specific disbursement schedules. A total of US$8.3 billion is projected to be available from all sources in 2005, and about US$8.9 billion and US$10 billion in 2006 and 2007, respectively.
